pythonVersion 2.7.9 pythonImplementation CPython Tetrapods false Source data for tree(s) 'tree2' tree2 otu135 otu168 otu170 otu171 otu65 ^ot:comment ^ot:nodeLabelMode ^ot:nodeLabelTimeUnit ^ot:ottId tree2 Joseph W. Brown 262303 Viperidae false ot_814 Alencar, Laura R.V., Tiago B. Quental, Felipe G. Grazziotin, Michael L. Alfaro, Marcio Martins, Mericien Venzon, Hussam Zaher. 2016. Diversification in vipers: Phylogenetic relationships, time of divergence and shifts in speciation rates. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 105: 50-62 2016 Azemiops feae 705289 Azemiops feae Bothrops pubescens 137227 Bothrops pubescens Bothrops pauloensis 768189 Bothrops pauloensis Bothrops matogrossensis 829695 Bothrops matogrossensis Bothrops barnetti 972717 Bothrops barnetti Bothrops alcatraz 487093 Bothrops alcatraz Bothrops jararaca 27089 Bothrops jararaca Bothrops insularis 27081 Bothrops insularis Bothrops itapetiningae 746940 Bothrops itapetiningae Bothrops cotiara 27091 Bothrops cotiara Bothrops fonsecai 223402 Bothrops fonsecai Garthius chaseni 778622 Garthius chaseni Bothrops alternatus 744405 Bothrops alternatus Bothrops ammodytoides 941180 Bothrops ammodytoides Bothrops pictus 912636 Bothrops pictus Bothrocophias campbelli 4120623 Bothrocophias campbelli Bothrops lojanus 356321 Bothrops lojanus Bothrocophias hyoprora 501152 Bothrocophias hyoprora Bothrocophias microphthalmus 938062 Bothrocophias microphthalmus Agkistrodon contortrix 27080 Agkistrodon contortrix Agkistrodon bilineatus 652548 Agkistrodon bilineatus Agkistrodon russeolus 902044 Agkistrodon russeolus Deinagkistrodon acutus 379342 Deinagkistrodon acutus Agkistrodon howardgloydi 125358 Agkistrodon howardgloydi Agkistrodon taylori 603646 Agkistrodon taylori Agkistrodon piscivorus 652539 Agkistrodon piscivorus Crotalus enyo 373877 Crotalus enyo Crotalus polystictus 899049 Crotalus polystictus Crotalus cerastes 181774 Crotalus cerastes Crotalus ravus 55456 Crotalus ravus Crotalus pusillus 899048 Crotalus pusillus Crotalus triseriatus 628543 Crotalus triseriatus Crotalus lepidus 1075451 Crotalus lepidus Tropidolaemus wagleri 705290 Tropidolaemus wagleri Crotalus aquilus 181776 Crotalus aquilus Crotalus ericsmithi 5223274 Crotalus ericsmithi Crotalus lannomi 4120599 Crotalus lannomi Crotalus stejnegeri 4120598 Crotalus stejnegeri Crotalus horridus 628544 Crotalus horridus Crotalus ornatus Crotalus totonacus 890381 Crotalus totonacus Crotalus basiliscus 894585 Crotalus basiliscus Crotalus molossus 600086 Crotalus molossus Crotalus culminatus 173934 Crotalus culminatus Tropidolaemus subannulatus 221197 Tropidolaemus subannulatus Crotalus durissus 600090 Crotalus durissus Crotalus simus 21537 Crotalus simus Crotalus tzcaban 1089121 Crotalus tzabcan Crotalus willardi 899047 Crotalus willardi Crotalus catalinensis 373874 Crotalus catalinensis Crotalus atrox 600088 Crotalus atrox Crotalus tortugensis 899051 Crotalus tortugensis Crotalus ruber 600077 Crotalus ruber Crotalus viridis 600069 Crotalus viridis Crotalus oreganus 875963 Crotalus oreganus Hypnale zara 4120616 Hypnale zara Crotalus cerberus 402752 Crotalus cerberus Crotalus scutulatus 600073 Crotalus scutulatus Crotalus tigris 123878 Crotalus tigris Crotalus mitchellii 396078 Crotalus mitchellii Crotalus adamanteus 27076 Crotalus adamanteus Crotalus pricei 495100 Crotalus pricei Crotalus tancitarensis 813266 Crotalus tancitarensis Crotalus transversus 899050 Crotalus transversus Crotalus intermedius 373873 Crotalus intermedius Sistrurus miliarius 755875 Sistrurus miliarius Hypnale hypnale 1024789 Hypnale hypnale Sistrurus catenatus 755882 Sistrurus catenatus Lachesis acrochorda 302211 Lachesis acrochorda Lachesis muta 755889 Lachesis muta Lachesis stenophrys 123858 Lachesis stenophrys Lachesis melanocephala 4120621 Lachesis melanocephala Trimeresurus tibetanus 914223 Trimeresurus tibetanus Trimeresurus nebularis 4120613 Trimeresurus nebularis Trimeresurus popeiorum 450721 Trimeresurus popeiorum Trimeresurus fucatus Trimeresurus sabahi 104798 Trimeresurus sabahi Hypnale nepa 4120617 Hypnale nepa Trimeresurus barati Trimeresurus buniana Trimeresurus sichuanensis 880595 Trimeresurus sichuanensis Trimeresurus vogeli 651950 Trimeresurus vogeli Trimeresurus truongsonensis 437134 Trimeresurus truongsonensis Trimeresurus gumprechti 26866 Trimeresurus gumprechti Trimeresurus stejnegeri 542174 Trimeresurus stejnegeri Trimeresurus yunnanensis 51787 Trimeresurus yunnanensis Trimeresurus medoensis 778619 Trimeresurus medoensis Trimeresurus macrops 651955 Trimeresurus macrops Calloselasma rhodostoma 652544 Calloselasma rhodostoma Trimeresurus venustus 155327 Trimeresurus venustus Trimeresurus kanburiensis 450715 Trimeresurus kanburiensis Trimeresurus insularis 447648 Trimeresurus insularis Trimeresurus fasciatus 104801 Trimeresurus fasciatus Trimeresurus albolabris 130688 Trimeresurus albolabris Trimeresurus cantori 548984 Trimeresurus cantori Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus 448806 Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus Trimeresurus erythrurus 184465 Trimeresurus erythrurus Trimeresurus andersonii 778616 Trimeresurus andersonii Trimeresurus septentrionalis 496828 Trimeresurus septentrionalis Ovophis zayuensis 96435 Ovophis zayuensis Trimeresurus malcolmi 323940 Trimeresurus malcolmi Trimeresurus flavomaculatus 5559924 Trimeresurus flavomaculatus Trimeresurus mcgregori 841005 Trimeresurus mcgregori Trimeresurus sumatranus 841073 Trimeresurus sumatranus Trimeresurus schultzei 778614 Trimeresurus schultzei Trimeresurus hageni 450717 Trimeresurus hageni Trimeresurus borneensis 184464 Trimeresurus borneensis Trimeresurus wiroti 750899 Trimeresurus wiroti Trimeresurus puniceus 651949 Trimeresurus puniceus Trimeresurus trigonocephalus 450720 Trimeresurus trigonocephalus Anilius scytale 496074 Anilius scytale Ovophis monticola 267846 Ovophis monticola Trimeresurus gramineus 130696 Trimeresurus gramineus Trimeresurus malabaricus 450719 Trimeresurus malabaricus Echis carinatus 64528 Echis carinatus Echis coloratus 478514 Echis coloratus Echis omanensis 567527 Echis omanensis Echis pyramidum 78564 Echis pyramidum Echis leucogaster 583991 Echis leucogaster Echis borkini 12631 Echis borkini Echis khosatzkii 298123 Echis khosatzkii Echis jogeri 533903 Echis jogeri Ovophis tonkinensis 217750 Ovophis tonkinensis Echis ocellatus 325105 Echis ocellatus Cerastes gasperettii 590884 Cerastes gasperettii Cerastes cerastes 785609 Cerastes cerastes Cerastes vipera 785601 Cerastes vipera Pseudocerastes urarachnoides 4120637 Pseudocerastes urarachnoides Pseudocerastes persicus 11900 Pseudocerastes persicus Pseudocerastes fieldi 5223278 Pseudocerastes fieldi Eristicophis macmahoni 539151 Eristicophis macmahoni Vipera nikolskii 590877 Vipera nikolskii Vipera berus 579239 Vipera berus Protobothrops kaulbacki 568083 Protobothrops kaulbacki Vipera barani 847390 Vipera barani Vipera seoanei 18037 Vipera seoanei Vipera kaznakovi 847386 Vipera kaznakovi Vipera orlovi 4120645 Vipera orlovi Vipera ursinii 267857 Vipera ursinii Vipera eriwanensis 671009 Vipera eriwanensis Vipera dinniki 579234 Vipera dinniki Vipera lotievi 347778 Vipera lotievi Vipera renardi 497595 Vipera renardi Vipera anatolica 5266890 Vipera ursinii anatolica Protobothrops sieversorum 221192 Protobothrops sieversorum Vipera aspis 78572 Vipera aspis Vipera latastei 825623 Vipera latastei Vipera transcaucasiana 4120654 Vipera transcaucasiana Vipera ammodytes 78576 Vipera ammodytes Daboia mauritanica 590882 Daboia mauritanica Daboia deserti 590885 Daboia deserti Daboia palaestinae 389962 Daboia palaestinae Daboia siamensis 496938 Daboia siamensis Macrovipera schweizeri 590883 Macrovipera schweizeri Macrovipera lebetina 78579 Macrovipera lebetina Protobothrops mangshanensis 778625 Protobothrops mangshanensis Montivipera latifii 883121 Montivipera latifii Montivipera raddei 18042 Montivipera raddei Montivipera bornmuelleri 590888 Montivipera bornmuelleri Montivipera albizona 18038 Montivipera albizona Montivipera wagneri 883128 Montivipera wagneri Montivipera xanthina 590878 Montivipera xanthina Atheris barbouri 539142 Atheris barbouri Atheris matildae 27688 Atheris matildae Atheris ceratophora 539145 Atheris ceratophora Atheris nitschei 539148 Atheris nitschei Protobothrops cornutus 653183 Protobothrops cornutus Atheris desaixi 539143 Atheris desaixi Atheris hispida 539144 Atheris hispida Atheris squamigera 539149 Atheris squamigera Atheris chlorechis 110127 Atheris chlorechis Causus lichtensteinii 4120656 Causus lichtensteinii Causus resimus 590887 Causus resimus Causus rhombeatus 498987 Causus rhombeatus Causus defilippii 123866 Causus defilippii Proatheris superciliaris 18049 Proatheris superciliaris Bitis arietans 785619 Bitis arietans Protobothrops jerdonii 624339 Protobothrops jerdonii Bitis worthingtoni 336538 Bitis worthingtoni Bitis parviocula 538303 Bitis parviocula Bitis nasicornis 785603 Bitis nasicornis Bitis gabonica 785606 Bitis gabonica Bitis rhinoceros 666443 Bitis rhinoceros Bitis peringueyi 590886 Bitis peringueyi Bitis schneideri 538300 Bitis schneideri Bitis caudalis 785616 Bitis caudalis Bitis atropos 336537 Bitis atropos Bitis armata 1049751 Bitis armata Protobothrops xiangchengensis 679674 Protobothrops xiangchengensis Bitis cornuta 918383 Bitis cornuta Bitis rubida 1034161 Bitis rubida Bitis xeropaga 1034159 Bitis xeropaga Brachyorrhos albus 4121700 Brachyorrhos albus Homalopsis buccata 49551 Homalopsis buccata Cerberus rynchops 769296 Cerberus rynchops Erpeton tentaculatus 49561 Erpeton tentaculatum Cantoria violacea 570232 Cantoria violacea Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti 120966 Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti Pseudoxenodon bambusicola 269309 Pseudoxenodon bambusicola Protobothrops dabieshanensis 5223275 Protobothrops dabieshanensis Imantodes cenchoa 110480 Imantodes cenchoa Leptodeira annulata 110477 Leptodeira annulata Dipsas catesbyi 132781 Dipsas catesbyi Sibynomorphus mikanii 380563 Sibynomorphus mikanii Ninia atrata 510716 Ninia atrata Psomophis joberti 380558 Psomophis joberti Cubophis cantherigerus 714996 Cubophis cantherigerus Antillophis parvifrons 7383 Hypsirhynchus parvifrons Erythrolamprus miliaris 931747 Erythrolamprus miliaris Rhachidelus brazili 4121945 Rhachidelus brazili Protobothrops maolanensis 1095016 Protobothrops maolanensis Taeniophallus nicagus 425328 Taeniophallus nicagus Tomodon dorsatus 856002 Tomodon dorsatus Heterodon platirhinos 405958 Heterodon platirhinos Diadophis punctatus 324337 Diadophis punctatus Sinonatrix percarinata 68220 Sinonatrix percarinata Storeria dekayi 505605 Storeria dekayi Thamnophis sirtalis 107027 Thamnophis sirtalis Nerodia sipedon 405962 Nerodia sipedon Natrix natrix 1010557 Natrix natrix Macropisthodon rudis 769304 Macropisthodon rudis Acrochordus javanicus 1061998 Acrochordus javanicus Protobothrops elegans 123863 Protobothrops elegans Xenochrophis flavipunctatus 106870 Xenochrophis flavipunctatus Drymarchon corais 408654 Drymarchon corais Coluber constrictor 405963 Coluber constrictor Eirenis modestus 503455 Eirenis modestus Spalerosophis diadema 1053208 Spalerosophis diadema Ptyas korros 545483 Ptyas korros Gonyosoma oxycephalum 405616 Gonyosoma oxycephalum Coronella austriaca 859562 Coronella austriaca Pantherophis guttatus 456236 Pantherophis guttatus Pituophis deppei 405901 Pituophis deppei Protobothrops mucrosquamatus 267839 Protobothrops mucrosquamatus Lampropeltis getula 547409 Lampropeltis getula Ahaetulla pulverulenta 4121390 Ahaetulla pulverulenta Ahaetulla prasina 4121393 Ahaetulla prasina Chrysopelea ornata 4121375 Chrysopelea ornata Sibynophis collaris 1080957 Sibynophis collaris Scaphiodontophis annulatus 959125 Scaphiodontophis annulatus Calamaria pavimentata 172208 Calamaria pavimentata Calamaria yunnanensis 1020064 Calamaria yunnanensis Grayia ornata 1055748 Grayia ornata Micrurus surinamensis 309738 Micrurus surinamensis Protobothrops flavoviridis 123860 Protobothrops flavoviridis Sinomicrurus macclellandi 453714 Sinomicrurus macclellandi Pseudonaja modesta 43324 Pseudonaja modesta Laticauda colubrina 109046 Laticauda colubrina Aspidelaps scutatus 57869 Aspidelaps scutatus Naja atra 477238 Naja atra Bungarus fasciatus 578893 Bungarus fasciatus Ophiophagus hannah 6136 Ophiophagus hannah Boaedon fuliginosus 880707 Boaedon fuliginosus Lycophidion capense 1044810 Lycophidion capense Gonionotophis capensis 576226 Gonionotophis capensis Protobothrops tokarensis 1091026 Protobothrops tokarensis Gonionotophis brussauxi 982271 Gonionotophis brussauxi Atractaspis micropholis 796236 Atractaspis micropholis Atractaspis corpulenta 608782 Atractaspis corpulenta Homoroselaps lacteus 294910 Homoroselaps lacteus Polemon acanthias 927450 Polemon acanthias Aparallactus modestus 466561 Aparallactus modestus Rhamphiophis oxyrhynchus 778819 Rhamphiophis oxyrhynchus Malpolon monspessulanus 904539 Malpolon monspessulanus Psammophylax variabilis 576228 Psammophylax variabilis Mimophis mahafalensis 404476 Mimophis mahfalensis Ovophis okinavensis 130705 Ovophis okinavensis Psammophis elegans 1075967 Psammophis elegans Psammophis subtaeniatus 569162 Psammophis subtaeniatus Psammophis mossambicus 111301 Psammophis mossambicus Leioheterodon madagascariensis 120286 Leioheterodon madagascariensis Ithycyphus miniatus 741555 Ithycyphus miniatus Dromicodryas bernieri 186173 Dromicodryas bernieri Liophidium torquatum 741560 Liophidium torquatum Compsophis infralineatus 167095 Compsophis infralineatus Duberria lutrix 69224 Duberria lutrix Pareas carinatus 680926 Pareas carinatus Trimeresurus gracilis 450710 Trimeresurus gracilis Pareas hamptoni 215728 Pareas hamptoni Aplopeltura boa 216313 Aplopeltura boa Calabaria reinhardtii 707264 Calabaria reinhardtii Eunectes notaeus 1072291 Eunectes notaeus Boa constrictor 764377 Boa constrictor Eryx colubrinus 1095908 Eryx colubrinus Uropeltis melanogaster 408639 Uropeltis melanogaster Cylindrophis ruffus 642569 Cylindrophis ruffus Broghammerus reticulatus 254279 Malayopython reticulatus Loxocemus bicolor 840470 Loxocemus bicolor Gloydius liupanensis 385133 Gloydius liupanensis Xenopeltis unicolor 323406 Xenopeltis unicolor Indotyphlops braminus 496070 Indotyphlops braminus Gloydius strauchi 689192 Gloydius strauchi Gloydius saxatilis 69271 Gloydius saxatilis Gloydius shedaoensis 123872 Gloydius shedaoensis Acrochordus granulatus 511702 Acrochordus granulatus Gloydius halys 652532 Gloydius halys Gloydius intermedius 498989 Gloydius intermedius Gloydius tsushimaensis 389967 Gloydius tsushimaensis Gloydius blomhoffi 778601 Gloydius blomhoffii Gloydius brevicaudus 270837 Gloydius brevicaudus Gloydius ussuriensis 217481 Gloydius ussuriensis Bothriechis nigroviridis 698050 Bothriechis nigroviridis Bothriechis guifarroi 5223277 Bothriechis guifarroi Bothriechis lateralis 1024808 Bothriechis lateralis Bothriechis aurifer 812621 Bothriechis aurifer Xenodermus javanicus 195297 Xenodermus javanicus Bothriechis rowleyi 812612 Bothriechis rowleyi Bothriechis thalassinus 812623 Bothriechis thalassinus Bothriechis marchi 812613 Bothriechis marchi Bothriechis bicolor 812622 Bothriechis bicolor Bothriechis supracilliaris 238052 Bothriechis supraciliaris Bothriechis schlegelii 1024804 Bothriechis schlegelii Mixcoatlus melanurus 645472 Mixcoatlus melanurus Mixcoatlus browni 1046441 Mixcoatlus browni Mixcoatlus barbouri 846561 Mixcoatlus barbouri Ophryacus undulatus 645473 Ophryacus undulatus Fimbrios klossi 4122055 Fimbrios klossi Atropoides indomitus 4945901 Atropoides indomitus Atropoides occiduus 798488 Atropoides occiduus Atropoides nummifer 498993 Atropoides nummifer Atropoides olmec 824688 Atropoides olmec Atropoides mexicanus 5223276 Atropoides mexicanus Cerrophidion sasai Cerrophidion godmani 1024791 Cerrophidion godmani Cerrophidion tzotzilorum 798494 Cerrophidion tzotzilorum Cerrophidion petlalcalensis 798493 Cerrophidion petlalcalensis Atropoides picadoi 1024787 Atropoides picadoi Stoliczkia borneensis 106872 Stoliczkia borneensis Porthidium yucatanicum 798495 Porthidium yucatanicum Porthidium arcosae 445776 Porthidium arcosae Porthidium lansbergii 103813 Porthidium lansbergii Porthidium porrasi 798490 Porthidium porrasi Porthidium nasutum 300077 Porthidium nasutum Porthidium ophryomegas 548990 Porthidium ophryomegas Porthidium hespere 389299 Porthidium hespere Porthidium dunni 937958 Porthidium dunni Bothrops bilineata 1024799 Bothrops bilineata Bothrops chloromelas 238051 Bothrops chloromelas Achalinus meiguensis 293711 Achalinus meiguensis Bothrops taeniata 103815 Bothrops taeniata Bothrops pulchra 746943 Bothrops pulchra Bothrops jararacussu 27092 Bothrops jararacussu Bothrops brazili 223407 Bothrops brazili Bothrops punctatus 746942 Bothrops punctatus Bothrops osbornei 746937 Bothrops osbornei Bothrops moojeni 273232 Bothrops moojeni Bothrops leucurus 271885 Bothrops leucurus Bothrops marajoensis 746938 Bothrops marajoensis Bothrops colombiensis 223401 Bothrops colombiensis Achalinus rufescens 195301 Achalinus rufescens Bothrops atrox 27086 Bothrops atrox Bothrops isabelae 746941 Bothrops isabelae Bothrops asper 27084 Bothrops asper Bothrops lanceolatus 746939 Bothrops lanceolatus Bothrops caribbaeus 223408 Bothrops caribbaeus Bothrops marmoratus 5341350 Bothrops marmoratus Bothrops neuwiedi 671522 Bothrops neuwiedi Bothrops lutzi 4120607 Bothrops lutzi Bothrops erythromelas 548986 Bothrops erythromelas Bothrops diporus 762204 Bothrops diporus ot:time Myr Bayesian inference node21 node2 false true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true true